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Feature 1 | DANISH MARINE INDUSTRIES Advancing with FORCE


Advanced development projects to improve ship design have been initiated at FORCE Technology.


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n 2006 the Technical University of Denmark and FORCE Technology established the Danish Centre for


Maritime Technology (DCMT). Te objective is to promote and develop Danish maritime technology know-how through increased research, development, and innovation within the maritime industry, and also to promote an influx of new engineers to the segment. One task of the centre is to ensure that the research activities undertaken are considered relevant by the maritime industry. The Danish Maritime Foundation has


funded the activities over five years with DKK25 million (US$5.3m). A total of nine R&D projects have already been initialised in the areas of safety, environment, and efficiency. Typical of the work underway is SeaTrend,


a project identifying the fact that even minor degradation in the antifouling or fouling of the propeller blades increases fuel consumption. A professional tool is now being developed for monitoring ships’ hydrodynamic performances. Online instant monitoring of the performance and propulsion enables the evaluation of the degradation of the hull and propulsion over time. Daily observations are fed into the system. All data is transferred to a central server ashore for data processing and analysis, and the performance of the vessel is displayed to the shipowner on a dedicated website. Te first version of SeaTrend has already been installed on four product tankers, and more installations are already planned this spring. Another interesting project initiated by


FORCE Technology is the documentation of the IMO CO2


index of commercial ships


as part of their model testing services. Tis service enables clients to evaluate the ‘carbon footprint’ of their ship at the development stage. Based on the cargo capacity of the ship the corresponding CO2


index, CO2 emitted per tonne-mile, is to be documented for the


normal speed range of the ship. Te CO2 index will also be benchmarked with similar vessels, to compare the environmental performance of a vessel.


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A joint industrial project to enhance computations of hydrodynamics of a ship with a working propeller using CFD will be concluded in autumn 2008.


Elsewhere, a joint industrial project


was launched last autumn, involving a collaboration between MAN Diesel A/S (propeller equipment, Fredrikshavn), Technical University of Denmark (DTU), and FORCE Technology. The aim is to enhance the applicability of advanced RANSE-based CFD codes for computations of the hydrodynamics of ships. FORCE has a broad experience with using CFD as a ship hullform optimisation tool and MAN Diesel has used CFD for developing nozzle and propeller blade designs. In addition to the validation of CFD codes, DTU will join the project with a degree examination study on blade cavitation and transition using the highly recognised CFD code EllipSys, which has been developed by DTU in cooperation with Risø National Laboratory. It is expected that the CFD codes


will prove a valuable supplement to the optimisation of hull lines and propellers, as will the research on the cavitation models for RANSE CFD codes for further developments.


FORCE Technology, of course, has long


been involved in offering services designed to optimise hull lines and to improve propulsion efficiency in ships. It has considerable experience in using ShipFlow for optimisation of hull lines, but now services also include highly complex RANSE CFD computations using STAR-CCM+ and COMET developed by CD-Adapco. Tese new advanced CFD programs provide a detailed visualisation of the flow along the hull, including vortices and regions with flow separation in the aſt ship. With a large number of calculations


already made using the STAR-CCM+ for commercial ship types, the results are promising, with an accuracy error of less than 5% when compared to model tests. Terefore, FORCE Technology now offers speed and power predictions based on CFD calculations as an effective and fast supplement to model tests. It recently acquired a large cluster of CPUs, enabling calculations of up to 80 parallel calculation nodes.NA


The Naval Architect April 2008


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